Haskap fruits are the first fruit of the season. They ripen two weeks earlier than strawberries. Early maturity is the most valuable value of haskap, because you can look forward to the first fruit in the garden as early as mid-May. Its fruits taste similar to blueberries, have high nutritional value and contain many valuable biologically active substances with medicinal effects. In addition, haskap bushes are undemanding to growing conditions, do not suffer from diseases, can tolerate frosts down to - 45°C. However, they can tolerate drought just as well and can be grown on all types of soil. Another advantage is that unlike blueberries, haskap does not require acidic soil. Its growing and pruning methods are similar to those of  blackcurrants. It is cross-pollinated, so at least two plants, each of a different variety, should be planted together.

Thanks to its easy growing, early ripening, and unique berry composition, this delicious, refreshing fruit has a promising future. It's definitely worth growing this wonder plant in your own garden, as haskap fruits are not commercially available and are rarely offered on the market.

To obtain high yields of these early fruits, it is necessary to familiarize yourself with some of the features of haskap

Haskap is a shrub growing up to 1.5-2.5 meters tall and 1-2 meters wide, depending on the variety. It begins to bear fruit 2-3 years after planting, and reaches full fruiting 5-6 years after planting, when the yield from 1 bush reaches 2.5-3.5 kg ​​of fruit, in ideal growing conditions even 6-8 kg of fruit. The plants are characterized by their high frost resistance. The bushes can tolerate frosts down to -45°C, and the flowers can withstand spring frosts down to -8°C. Haskap grows and bears fruit in one place for 20-30 years.

Pollination

Haskap flowers are bisexual, but are not self-pollinating, therefore, they require the presence of at least one other haskap plant of a different variety for pollination. If you plant several plants of the same variety, the plants will bloom profusely in spring, but the yield will be low. Therefore, the higher the number of varieties in one garden, the higher the harvest will be. Bees are good pollinators, but in times of bad weather, bumblebees are the only pollinator.

Location

When choosing a location, keep in mind that haskap, although undemanding to soil, grows poorly on heavy clay and light sandy soils. It tolerates different soil pH ranges, which means that it is suitable for both acidic and alkaline soil reactions. It grows well and bears fruit in bright locations protected from the wind. In the shade and partial shade, the berries are partially reduced. But be careful, if you grow haskap in an area where high summer temperatures occur, it is absolutely necessary that the haskap is hidden in the shade of a tree, fence, etc. at noon. It is unsuitable to plant haskap in sloping valleys, pits where cold air accumulates and moisture stagnates, or in places with high groundwater. Haskap absolutely does not tolerate prolonged waterlogging and flooding caused by spring floods. During dry periods, it benefits from irrigation, especially during the period of intensive shoot growth.

Planting haskap

Before planting, clear the soil of perennial weeds. In the fall, dig up the soil and add organic fertilizer (manure, humus, compost, peat) in an amount of 8-10 kg/m². Haskap is planted in a 2.5 × 1.5 m spacing. Keep in mind that a mature tree will reach a height of 1.5 to 2 meters and an average width of 1.5 meters. Dig a pit 30-40 cm wide and 25-30 cm deep. Mix part of the excavated soil with organic fertilizer and pour it into the bottom of the planting pit. When planting, make sure that the root collar is at soil level or 3 cm below it. Press the soil around the plant, and sprinkle mulch bark, peat, or compost on top to a height of 1-2 cm. Do not fertilize in the first three years after planting; the plant draws fertilizer from the soil you added when planting. 

Fertilization

From the third year, start fertilizing the plants 3 times a year with organic and mineral fertilizers. The first time during the year, fertilize with nitrogen fertilizers at the beginning of the vegetation, in the second half of March. This fertilization serves to strengthen the growth of shoots and create a strong leaf area. For 1 m², apply 20 g of urea or 30 g of ammonium nitrate to the soil in the circle around the plant. Carry out the second summer fertilization after harvesting at the beginning of June in combination with loosening the soil around the bushes. This fertilization affects the increase in the number of flower buds. Liquid fertilizer using slurry in a ratio of 1:4, in an amount of 10 l per bush, is particularly effective. You can also use ammonium phosphate or NPK fertilizer in an amount of 25 - 30 g per bush. To increase the hardiness of plants and better growth and development of the root system, carry out the third autumn fertilization. For 1 m², shallowly apply 15 g of double superphosphate and potassium salt to the top of the soil in a circle around the plant. Adult haskap bushes in full fruiting need such fertilizing at least once every 2-3 years.

The rest of plant care consists of timely removal of weeds and regular hoeing of the soil surface around the bushes 5–8 cm deep during the growing season.

Nutritional value

Haskap berries are rich in vitamins, antioxidants and fiber. They are particularly known for their high levels of anthocyanins, which contribute to their antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. The fruits are an excellent source of vitamin C and vitamin A, with some varieties containing more vitamin C than oranges. They also contain vitamin K and other essential vitamins. They are full of antioxidants, including anthocyanins, which are known for their health-promoting properties. Haskap berries provide a good source of dietary fiber, which supports digestive health. They contain essential minerals like potassium, manganese, calcium, magnesium, iron, zinc, and copper. In terms of the content of biologically active substances, haskap surpasses black chokeberry, black elderberry and black currant.

Medicinal effects

Haskap berries' high antioxidant content, particularly anthocyanins, can help reduce inflammation and protect against cell damage caused by free radicals. Some studies suggest that the compounds in haskap berries may help lower blood pressure and improve heart health. Preliminary research indicates that haskap berries may have potential anti-cancer properties due to their antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects. The berries have been traditionally used for promoting longevity and vision, and some research suggests they may have hepatoprotective (liver-protective) and anti-diabetic properties.

Fruit uses

Haskap berries are a versatile fruit and can be enjoyed in many ways. They can be eaten fresh, frozen, or dried, and are also used in a variety of processed foods like jams, jellies, juices, and baked goods. Additionally, they are utilized in beverages like wine and liqueurs. Haskap berries are delicious when eaten straight from the bush. They can be added to salads for a unique flavor and texture. Haskap's high pectin content makes them ideal for making jams and jellies. They can be blended into refreshing juices and smoothies. Haskap berries can be incorporated into pies, cakes, muffins, and other baked treats. They are used to make wines, liqueurs, and other alcoholic beverages. The fruit can be used to create a variety of desserts, including ice cream and yogurt toppings. Haskap syrups can be used to flavor pancakes, waffles, or other dishes. Berry powder is used in some dietary supplements. Haskap fruits, with their high antioxidant content, are used in some cosmetic products.